Melanoma, the deadliest of skin cancers, only accounts for about 4 percent of all skin cancer cases, but causes about 79 percent of skin cancer deaths.
Melanoma is a cancer of the skin that begins in the melanocytes, which are the cells that produce the pigment melanin. It is the leading cause of cancer death in women 25 to 30 years old and the second leading cause of cancer death in women 30 to 35 years old.
In some cases, melanoma occurs in melanocytes throughout the body, even if those parts have never been exposed to the sun.
Since 90% of melanoma cases can be linked to exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays from natural or artificial sources such as sunlight and indoor tanning beds, people who have extended or frequent exposure to these rays are at greater risk.
The World Health Organization has declared indoor tanning devices to be cancer-causing agents in the same category as tobacco. Studies have found a 59% increase in the risk of melanoma in those who have been exposed to UV radiation from indoor tanning.
Family history, genetics and environmental factors are also considered strong risk factors for melanoma. People with light eyes, hair, and/or skin, sun sensitivity, a high number of moles, a history of sunburns, a previous melanoma diagnosis or those who have a weakened immune system are also at greater risk.
If you have an increased risk of developing melanoma, you must be particularly vigilant and become aware of all of the moles on your body to minimize the risk of melanoma progressing to life-threatening stages.
The most important warning sign of melanoma is a new spot on the skin or a spot that changes in size, shape or color. Another warning sign is a spot that looks different from all of the other spots on your skin. Other warning signs include:
Melanoma skin cancer has a bulbous, black appearance.
Treatment for melanoma depends primarily on what stage it is when discovered. Early stage cancer is the easiest to treat, and will often be treated by surgery alone. However, if the cancer is more advanced, your doctor may also recommend immunotherapy, chemotherapy or radiation therapy, which uses high-energy beams such as X-rays to kill cancer cells.
Wearing long sleeves in sunlight can help prevent exposure to harmful UV rays. Also avoid being outdoors during peak times of sun.
Since most melanoma and non-melanoma cases are directly related to sun exposure, the best way to prevent skin cancer is to protect your skin from sunlight. Make smart sun habits a part of your daily healthcare regimen.
*Results may vary by individual
Get the latest updates on news, specials and skin care information.
